From 1f41d6cdc383ceda5ab81ca5d3b7714130396ada Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: chicrobot Date: Thu, 20 Nov 2025 23:51:19 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] first --- a1_ventoy.md | 46 +++++++++++++++++++++++ b1_ubuntu22.04.5换源.md | 31 ++++++++++++++++ b2_ubuntu离线安装工具.md | 56 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ b3_ubuntu创建交换内存.md | 74 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ b4_virtualbox共享文件夹.md | 21 +++++++++++ c1_docker运行nginx.md | 33 +++++++++++++++++ c2_docker运行gitea.md | 28 ++++++++++++++ c3_docker运行kali.md | 46 +++++++++++++++++++++++ c4_docker运行metersphere.md | 15 ++++++++ c5_docker运行mysql.md | 18 +++++++++ c6_docker运行redis.md | 15 ++++++++ d1_python环境配置.md | 15 ++++++++ 12 files changed, 398 insertions(+) create mode 100644 a1_ventoy.md create mode 100644 b1_ubuntu22.04.5换源.md create mode 100644 b2_ubuntu离线安装工具.md create mode 100644 b3_ubuntu创建交换内存.md create mode 100644 b4_virtualbox共享文件夹.md create mode 100644 c1_docker运行nginx.md create mode 100644 c2_docker运行gitea.md create mode 100644 c3_docker运行kali.md create mode 100644 c4_docker运行metersphere.md create mode 100644 c5_docker运行mysql.md create mode 100644 c6_docker运行redis.md create mode 100644 d1_python环境配置.md diff --git a/a1_ventoy.md b/a1_ventoy.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..01084a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/a1_ventoy.md @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +# Ventoy打造移动启动盘 +参考B站`在下莫老师` +## 一、移动盘准备 +（解压/home/src/windows/ventoy-1.1.06-windows.zip，）运行Ventoy2Disk，选中移动盘，确认后将清空数据，名称变为`Ventoy`，格式化大的数据分区为NTFS。 + +## 二、PE +直接导入数据分区 + +## 三、winToGo +- 创建VHD虚拟硬盘 +``` +1. 创建VHD虚拟硬盘：右键`我的电脑`选中`管理`，在`磁盘管理`中右侧`更多操作`选择`创建VHD` +2. 初始化硬盘：GPT +3. 创建分区：NTFS +``` +- 安装系统 +``` +1. 打开WinNT +2. 引导驱动选择创建的虚拟硬盘中的小分区 +3. 安装驱动器的位置选择创建的虚拟硬盘的大分区 +4. 选择系统后点击安装 +5. 选择不更新引导代码后点击确定 +``` +- EasyBCD +``` +查看引导菜单以确认VHDX分区出现在了引导中 +存在则重启 +不存在则添加新条目 +``` +- 重启安装完成后，将VHD文件、VHD支持插件`ventoy_vhdboot.img`导入数据分区，支持插件必须在`根目录下的ventoy`中，默认没有，需要手动创建。 + +## 四、linuxToGo +- 创建虚拟硬盘 +``` +1. virtualbox通过镜像安装linux，创建虚拟硬盘时需要勾选预先分配所有空间 +2. 完成期望配置 +3. 安装支持插件，保持虚拟机开机状态，在virtualbox程序存储选项添加“vtoyboot-1.0.29.iso” +4. 返回虚拟机linux解压iso文件到桌面，执行其中的sh文件： +cd ~/桌面/vtoyboot-1.0.29 +sudo bash vtoyboot.sh +输入密码 +``` +- 适配ventoy +``` +将虚拟机的vdi文件导入数据分区，添加“.vtoy”后缀。 +``` \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/b1_ubuntu22.04.5换源.md b/b1_ubuntu22.04.5换源.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a629b10 --- /dev/null +++ b/b1_ubuntu22.04.5换源.md @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +# ubuntu22.04.5换源 + +## 备份原文件 +``` +sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak +``` + +## sed替换 +``` +sudo sed -i "s@http://.*archive.ubuntu.com@http://mirrors.aliyun.com@g" /etc/apt/sources.list +sudo sed -i "s@http://.*security.ubuntu.com@http://mirrors.aliyun.com@g" /etc/apt/sources.list +``` + +## 注释追加 +``` +sudo sed -i 's/^deb/# &/' /etc/apt/sources.list +sudo sed -i 's/^deb-src/# &/' /etc/apt/sources.list +sudo cat <> /etc/apt/sources.list +deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse +deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse +deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse +deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse +# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse +# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse +# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse +# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse +EOF +``` + +## 更新 +sudo apt update diff --git a/b2_ubuntu离线安装工具.md b/b2_ubuntu离线安装工具.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fa92c2b --- /dev/null +++ b/b2_ubuntu离线安装工具.md @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +# ubuntu离线安装工具 + +## 获取离线包 +``` +# 备份原始目录文件 +sudo ls /var/cache/apt/archives/ +sudo mv /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb offline/frombeging/ +# 清理目录 +sudo apt clean +# 只下载不安装 +sudo apt -d install <软件包名> +sudo mv /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb offline/<软件包名>/ +``` + +## 安装 +``` +sudo dpkg -i offline/<软件包名>/*.deb +``` + +## 准备常用包 +- 进入offline目录，没有则创建`mkdir offline` + +- net-tools +``` +mkdir net-tools +sudo apt clean +sudo apt -d install --download-only net-tools +sudo mv /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb ./net-tools/ +``` + +- docker +``` +mkdir docker.io +sudo apt clean +sudo apt -d install --download-only docker.io +sudo mv /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb ./docker.io/ +``` + +- openjdk1.8 +``` +mkdir openjdk-8-jdk +sudo apt clean +sudo apt -d install --download-only openjdk-8-jdk +sudo mv /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb ./openjdk-8-jdk/ +``` + +- openssh-sever +``` +mkdir openssh-server +sudo apt clean +sudo apt -d install --download-only openssh-server +sudo mv /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb ./openssh-server/ +dpkg -i ./openssh-server/*.deb +whereis sshd +sudo /usr/sbin/sshd # 需要以绝对路径启动 +``` \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/b3_ubuntu创建交换内存.md b/b3_ubuntu创建交换内存.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..171e779 --- /dev/null +++ b/b3_ubuntu创建交换内存.md @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ +# ubuntu创建交换内存 + +## 检查当前配置 +``` +sudo swapon --show +free -h +``` + +## 创建交换文件 +``` +sudo fallocate -l 4G /swapfile +#如果 fallocate 命令有问题则使用dd +#sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=4096 status=progress +``` + +## 设置权限 +交换文件必须只有 root 用户才有读写权限，否则会有安全风险。 +``` +sudo chmod 600 /swapfile +``` + +## 格式化为交换空间 +``` +sudo mkswap /swapfile +``` + +## 启用交换文件 +``` +sudo swapon /swapfile +``` +运行`sudo swapon --show`或`free -h`查看交换空间是否生效 + +## 永久生效 +``` +sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak # 可选，建议先备份 +sudo vi /etc/fstab +``` +在最后一行添加 +``` +/swapfile none swap sw 0 0 +``` + +## 调整 Swappiness 值（可选） +swappiness 参数决定了系统有多频繁地使用交换空间。值范围从 0 到 100。 +- 0：尽量不使用交换空间。 +- 100：积极使用交换空间。 + +查看当前值： +``` +cat /proc/sys/vm/swappiness +``` +临时修改（重启后失效）： +``` +sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=30 +``` +永久修改：编辑 /etc/sysctl.conf 文件： +``` +sudo vi /etc/sysctl.conf +``` +末尾添加 +``` +vm.swappiness=30 +``` +保存文件，然后运行以下命令应用更改： +``` +sudo sysctl -p +``` +## 调整缓存压力（可选） +vfs_cache_pressure 控制内核回收用于缓存目录和 inode 对象的内存的倾向。默认值也是 100。将其设置为较低的值（如 50），会让系统更多地缓存这些信息，可能提升性能。 +同样，在`/etc/sysctl.conf`文件中添加： +``` +vm.vfs_cache_pressure=50 +``` +保存后，同样运行`sudo sysctl -p`来应用。 diff --git a/b4_virtualbox共享文件夹.md b/b4_virtualbox共享文件夹.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d563e41 --- /dev/null +++ b/b4_virtualbox共享文件夹.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +# virtualbox共享文件夹 + +## ubuntu内安装必备包 +``` +sudo apt clean +sudo apt -d install build-essential gcc make perl dkms #下载依赖 +mkdir offline/virtualbox +sudo mv /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb offline/virtualbox/ +sudo dpkg -i offline/virtualbox/* +shutdown -r now # 安装完成后重启 +``` + +## 安装增强功能 +sudo /media/$(whoami)/VBox_GAs_7.0.12/VBoxLinuxAdditions.run + +## 挂载共享文件夹 +在 设备 -> 共享文件夹 -> 共享文件夹 -> 添加共享文件夹 +``` +mkdir /home/$(whoami)/E +sudo mount -t vboxsf E_DRIVE /home/$(whoami)/E # 前者为设置的共享文件夹名称，后者为挂载点 +``` diff --git a/c1_docker运行nginx.md b/c1_docker运行nginx.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..efb3764 --- /dev/null +++ b/c1_docker运行nginx.md @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +# docker运行nginx +## 获取镜像 +``` +sudo docker pull swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/nginx:1.27.0 +sudo docker tag swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/nginx:1.27.0 docker.io/nginx:1.27.0 +sudo docker rmi swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/nginx:1.27.0 +``` + + +## 启动镜像 +获取默认配置文件 +``` +sudo docker run -d --name nginx-temp nginx:1.27.0 +sudo docker cp nginx-temp:/etc/nginx ~/data/ +# 停止并删除容器 +sudo docker stop nginx-temp +sudo docker rm nginx-temp +``` +启动容器 +``` +sudo docker run -d \ + --name nginx \ + -v ~/data/nginx:/etc/nginx \ + --network host \ + --restart unless-stopped \ + nginx:1.27.0 +``` +更新配置 +``` +sudo vi ~/data/nginx/conf.d/default.conf +sudo docker exec nginx nginx -t # 在nginx容器内执行nginx -t检查配置语法 +sudo docker exec nginx nginx -s reload # 重新加载配置 +``` diff --git a/c2_docker运行gitea.md b/c2_docker运行gitea.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5c36fbc --- /dev/null +++ b/c2_docker运行gitea.md @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +# docker运行gitea +## 创建数据存储目录 + +## 获取镜像 +``` +sudo docker pull swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/gitea/gitea:1.22.1 +sudo docker tag swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/gitea/gitea:1.22.1 docker.io/gitea/gitea:1.22.1 +sudo docker rmi swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/gitea/gitea:1.22.1 +``` + +## 启动 +``` +# 创建数据存放目录 +mkdir -p ~/data/gitea/data +# 启动容器 +sudo docker run -d \ + --name=gitea \ + -p 3000:3000 \ + -p 2222:22 \ + -v ~/data/gitea/data:/data \ + -v /etc/timezone:/etc/timezone:ro \ + -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro \ + --restart unless-stopped \ + gitea/gitea:1.22.1 +``` + +## 访问 +浏览器访问`127.0.0.1:3000`，选择立即安装。安装时未指定管理员则安装完成后的第一个注册用户自动设置为管理员。 diff --git a/c3_docker运行kali.md b/c3_docker运行kali.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a78e436 --- /dev/null +++ b/c3_docker运行kali.md @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ +# docker运行kali +## 获取镜像 +``` +sudo docker pull swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kalilinux/kali-rolling:latest +sudo docker tag swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kalilinux/kali-rolling:latest docker.io/kalilinux/kali-rolling:latest +sudo docker rmi swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/kalilinux/kali-rolling:latest +``` + + +## 启动镜像 +允许本地x11连接 +``` +# 允许本地x11连接 +xhost +local: +# 创建容器 +sudo docker run -dt \ + --name kali \ + -e DISPLAY=$DISPLAY \ + -v /tmp/.X11-unix:/tmp/.X11-unix \ + --device /dev/dri \ + --cap-add=NET_RAW \ + --cap-add=NET_ADMIN \ + --cap-add=SYS_ADMIN \ + kalilinux/kali-rolling \ + bash +``` + +## 进入镜像 +``` +sudo docker exec -it kali bash +``` + +### 换源 +``` +cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak +sed -i 's|https://mirrors.aliyun.com|http://mirrors.aliyun.com|g' /etc/apt/sources.list +apt update +``` + +### 安装常用软件 +``` +apt install nmap wireshark +``` +### 测试 +nmap -sS 127.0.0.1 +wireshark diff --git a/c4_docker运行metersphere.md b/c4_docker运行metersphere.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8b3a3f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/c4_docker运行metersphere.md @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +# docker运行metersphere +## 获取镜像 +``` +sudo docker pull swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/metersphere/metersphere-ce-allinone:latest +sudo docker tag swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/metersphere/metersphere-ce-allinone:latest docker.io/metersphere/metersphere-ce-allinone:latest +sudo docker rmi swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/metersphere/metersphere-ce-allinone:latest +``` + + +## 启动镜像 +启动容器，初始账户密码为root，matersphere +``` +mkdir -p ~/data/metersphere/data +sudo docker run -d -p 8081:8081 --name=metersphere -v ~/data/metersphere/data:/opt/metersphere/data metersphere/metersphere-ce-allinone:latest +``` diff --git a/c5_docker运行mysql.md b/c5_docker运行mysql.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..51751bd --- /dev/null +++ b/c5_docker运行mysql.md @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +# docker运行mysql:5.6.51 +## 获取镜像 +``` +sudo docker pull swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/mysql:5.6.51 +sudo docker tag swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/mysql:5.6.51 docker.io/mysql:5.6.51 +sudo docker rmi swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/mysql:5.6.51 +``` + + +## 启动镜像 +启动容器 +``` +sudo docker run -d \ + --name mysql-5.6.51 \ + -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=Dubhedi_Haerbin@#0822 \ + -p 3306:3306 \ + mysql:5.6.51 +``` diff --git a/c6_docker运行redis.md b/c6_docker运行redis.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d786b55 --- /dev/null +++ b/c6_docker运行redis.md @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +# docker运行metersphere +## 获取镜像 +``` +sudo docker pull swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/redis:6.2.6 +sudo docker tag swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/redis:6.2.6 docker.io/redis:6.2.6 +sudo docker rmi swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/redis:6.2.6 +``` + + +## 启动镜像 +启动容器 +``` +sudo docker run -d --name redis -p 6379:6379 \ + redis:6.2.6 --requirepass Dubhe8888di +``` diff --git a/d1_python环境配置.md b/d1_python环境配置.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..74452b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/d1_python环境配置.md @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +# python环境配置 +## 获取python + +## 安装pip +```bash +dpkg -i offline/python3-pip +``` +## pip换源 +```bash +pip config set global.index-url https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ +``` + +## venv创建虚拟环境 + +## \ No newline at end of file